The Evolution of IaC Security
Historical Context: Regula (2020-2024)
- Regula: Early IaC security tool by Fugue
- Status: Archived September 2024
- Legacy: Supported Terraform, CloudFormation, Kubernetes
Modern IaC Security Landscape (2025)
- Snyk IaC: Enterprise-grade successor platform
- Checkov: Policy-as-code framework by Prisma Cloud
- Trivy: Multi-purpose security scanner
- KICS: Query-based static analysis
Snyk IaC (Enterprise Solution)
- Coverage: 2,000+ security rules across AWS, Azure, GCP, Kubernetes
- Integration: Native IDE plugins, CLI, CI/CD pipelines
- Reporting: Executive dashboards, compliance mapping
- Support: 24/7 enterprise support, SLA guarantees
Checkov (Open Source Leader)
- Policy Framework: Python-based custom policies
- Coverage: 1,000+ built-in policies
- Formats: Terraform, CloudFormation, Kubernetes, Docker, ARM
- IDE Integration: VS Code, JetBrains, pre-commit hooks
Trivy (Multi-Purpose Scanner)
- Scope: IaC + container + filesystem + git repository scanning
- Speed: Fastest scanning performance
- Output: SARIF, JSON, table formats
- Compliance: CIS, SOC2, PCI-DSS frameworks
Enterprise Requirements
- Snyk IaC: Best for enterprise compliance, reporting, support
- Budget: $25-99/developer/month
- Use case: Large teams, compliance-heavy industries
Open Source Flexibility
- Checkov: Best for custom policies, developer teams
- Budget: Free with optional commercial support
- Use case: Mid-size teams, flexible policy requirements
- Trivy: Best for fast CI/CD pipelines, multi-scanning
- Budget: Free open source
- Use case: DevOps teams, container-heavy environments
- KICS: Query-based analysis, growing ecosystem
- Terrascan: Runtime protection, admission controllers
Usage Workflows 2025
Development Workflow
- Write IaC configurations (Terraform, CloudFormation, etc.)
- Pre-commit hooks for early detection
- IDE integration for real-time feedback
- Local scanning before commits
CI/CD Pipeline Integration
# GitHub Actions example
- name: Run Checkov
uses: bridgecrewio/checkov-action@master
with:
directory: .
framework: terraform
- name: Run Trivy
uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
with:
scan-type: 'config'
scan-ref: '.'
Enterprise Governance
- Policy management through centralized dashboards
- Compliance reporting for auditors
- Exception handling for approved risks
Installation Guide 2025
Snyk IaC
# Install Snyk CLI
npm install -g snyk
# Authenticate
snyk auth
# Test IaC
snyk iac test terraform-plan.json
Checkov
# Python/pip
pip install checkov
# Homebrew
brew install checkov
# Docker
docker run bridgecrew/checkov -d .
Trivy
# Homebrew
brew install trivy
# Docker
docker run aquasec/trivy config .
# GitHub Action
uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@master
Real-World Use Cases 2025
Financial Services
- Snyk IaC: SOX compliance, executive reporting
- Challenge: 2,000+ developers, strict audit requirements
- Solution: Centralized policy management, automated compliance
Startup/Mid-Size Teams
- Checkov: Custom security policies, budget-conscious
- Challenge: Limited security expertise, rapid development
- Solution: Pre-built policies with custom extensions
DevOps-First Organizations
- Trivy: Fast CI/CD, multi-domain scanning
- Challenge: Container + IaC + secrets scanning
- Solution: Single tool for comprehensive security
Migration Scenarios
- Legacy Regula users: Migrating to Snyk IaC or Checkov
- Tool evaluation: 30-day trials, proof-of-concept projects
- Hybrid approach: Multiple tools for different teams/projects
Key Takeaways 2025
- Legacy era (2020-2024): Tools like Regula pioneered IaC security
- Modern era (2025+): Enterprise platforms and specialized tools
- Future trend: AI-powered policy generation and remediation
Selection Framework
- Assess your needs: Team size, budget, compliance requirements
- Evaluate tools: Try Snyk IaC, Checkov, Trivy with your IaC
- Start small: Implement pre-commit hooks first
- Scale up: Add CI/CD integration and policy management
Best Practices
- Shift-left security: Catch issues early in development
- Policy as code: Version control your security rules
- Continuous monitoring: Regular scans and reporting
- Team training: Ensure developers understand security implications
Thank you for your attention!
Resources for Getting Started
- Snyk IaC: snyk.io/plans (Free tier available)
- Checkov: checkov.io (Open source documentation)
- Trivy: aquasecurity.github.io/trivy (Installation guides)
Questions?
- Tool selection advice?
- Migration from legacy tools?
- Implementation strategies?